City profile: Łódź

Map of Łódź

See company ranking in Łódź

Largest companies registered in Łódź by revenue and net profit

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Overview of Łódź

Snapshot of key indicators for Łódź in the most recent year available.

Population

670,642

people · 2021

Avg. gross salary

8.6 K PLN

2024

Unemployment rate

5.5%

% · 2025

Businesses per 10k

1,646

entities / 10k · 2024

Population density

2,201.9

ppl / km² · 2024

Apartment price / m²

8.1 K PLN / m²

2024

About - Łódź

Łódź, with about 671,000 residents and the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, is the former centre of the textile industry, now a revitalised creative city (Łódź Special Economic Zone, OFF Piotrkowska) and a logistics hub (the A1/A2 motorway intersection). Strengths: a huge reading community — 154,251 public-library readers (97th percentile), 13 stadiums (95th percentile), 260.5 km of bike paths (94th percentile), 31.7 km of bus lanes (94th percentile), 7,722 newly registered businesses (92nd percentile) and 17 museums (92nd percentile, including the Museum of Art and the Museum of Cinematography). High investment outlays of PLN 4.78 billion and gross wages of PLN 8,622 (100% of the national average) reflect the scale of the economy. Weaknesses: very low police effectiveness (48.9% crime detection, 3rd percentile) — one of the worst in the country — a high deregistration count (4,519, 6th percentile), an ageing society (old-age dependency 41.9, 9th percentile), sports-club density of 2.9 per 10,000 (12th percentile) and natural increase of -7.82/1,000. Łódź is a revitalising city with a rich cultural and economic offer but in clear need of radical public-safety improvements.

Strengths and weaknesses of Łódź

Strengths and weaknesses of Łódź based on the city's position across every published Polish-city ranking.

Top 3 rankings of Łódź

Best ranking positions of Łódź across Poland.

Strengths

Housing in Łódź is affordable - few monthly salaries needed per square metre.
Most affordable housing relative to earnings
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants: #1
Rank in Poland: #39
Parking is relatively easy in Łódź - modest parking pressure compared with peers.
Cities with the highest parking pressure
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants: #5
Rank in Poland: #9
Łódź is a senior-friendly city - good access to healthcare, culture and public transport.
Best cities for seniors
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants:

Weaknesses

Poor conditions for an active lifestyle in Łódź - few sports and recreation spaces.
Best cities for an active lifestyle
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants: #5
Rank in Poland: #62
Unfavourable demographic trends in Łódź - population decline and rising dependency ratios.
Most demographically stable cities
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants: #5
Rank in Poland: #53
Loud, crowded environment in Łódź - very high urban intensity.
Most peaceful cities to live in
Rank among cities above 500 thousand inhabitants:

Air quality today

Good air qualitySource: GIOŚ

The result is based on the weakest reading among 4 air monitoring stations in Łódź.

PM2.5 now

7.4 µg/m³

PM10 now

10.67 µg/m³

Last updated

05/21/2026, 09:20 PM

Demographics of Łódź

Gender composition and demographic load on the working-age population of Łódź based on the latest GUS data.

Gender split in Łódź

Men305,533 · 45.6%
Women365,109 · 54.4%

Dependency ratios in Łódź

Non-working-age dependency ratio

ppl / 100 working-age · 2024

78.5

Post- per working-age

ppl / 100 working-age · 2024

52.1

Old-age dependency ratio

% · 2024

41.9%

Population change per 1k residents

ppl / 1k · 2024

-9.7

Vital events in Łódź

Births, deaths, marriages and natural increase in Łódź based on GUS data.

Total deaths

9,218

people · 2024

Marriages

2,645

marriages · 2024

Births / 1k6.39 per 1k people

Deaths / 1k14.21 per 1k people

Natural increase / 1k-7.82 per 1k people

Labour market in Łódź

Salaries in Łódź compared with the voivodeship and national averages, alongside broader employment signals.

Salary benchmark - Łódź

Voivodeship and Poland baselines derived from BDL ratios (Łódź vs. voivodeship / Poland).

Registered unemployment in Łódź

5.5%

% · 2025

Salary growth YoY

14.22%

% · 2024

Job offers at year-end in Łódź

149

offers · 2025

Employed per 1k residents

374

ppl / 1k · 2021

Business activity in Łódź

REGON registrations, deregistrations and net balance in Łódź.

Registrations vs deregistrations - Łódź

New businesses

7,722

entities · 2025

Deregistered

4,519

entities · 2025

New businessesDeregistered

Net change+3,203

REGON entities per 10k residents

1,646

entities / 10k · 2024

REGON entities per 1k working-age

293.7

entities / 1k working-age · 2024

Sole props / working-age

20%

% · 2024

Foreign-capital companies in Łódź

entities · 2025

Real estate in Łódź

Apartment prices, affordability and construction activity in Łódź.

Apartment price / m² in Łódź

8.1 K PLN / m²

2024

Housing affordability in Łódź

0.94

months of salary / m² · 2024

Dwellings completed / 1k residents

dwellings / 1k people · 2025

Months of gross salary required per 1 m² of apartment in Łódź.

Education in Łódź

Higher-education students, graduates and preschool-age children in Łódź based on GUS BDL data.

Higher-ed students

64,272

people · 2024

Higher-ed graduates

14,574

people · 2024

Preschool-age children

10,304

people · 2024

Students by gender

Women38,562
Men25,710

Transport & infrastructure in Łódź

Registered vehicles, public roads and road infrastructure in Łódź based on GUS BDL data.

Passenger cars

368,516

vehicles · 2024

Cars / 1k residents: 549.5

Environment and quality of life in Łódź

Air quality, green areas and public-space quality in Łódź.

Green areas per capita

63.5

m² / person · 2024

Municipal green areas per capita

16.8

m² / person · 2024

Parks & squares per capita

27.5

m² / person · 2024

Green-areas share of total area

13.98%

% · 2024

Air quality

· Monitoring stations: 4

Particulate matter

PM2.5 now

7.4 µg/m³

Fine particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs.

PM2.5 24h avg

14.82 µg/m³

PM2.5 30d avg

11.91 µg/m³

PM10 now

10.67 µg/m³

Larger airborne particles - dust, traffic and heating.

PM10 24h avg

24.97 µg/m³

PM10 30d avg

22.63 µg/m³

High PM10 days (30d)

Maximum number of days with PM10 above 50 µg/m³ at a single station.

Traffic-related pollution

NO₂ now

15 µg/m³

Pollution most often linked to road traffic.

NO₂ 24h avg

31.03 µg/m³

NO₂ 30d avg

17.27 µg/m³

Last updated: 05/21/2026, 09:20 PMSource: GIOŚ

Łódź in numbers over time

Multi-year trajectory of the key indicators of Łódź benchmarked against the voivodeship.

Average gross salary in Łódź

Registered unemployment rate in Łódź

REGON entities per 10k inhabitants - Łódź

Population of Łódź

Apartment price per m² in Łódź

Łódź in rankings

How does Łódź rank?

Every city score is built from open data: GUS, GIOŚ, and public registries. A 0–100 score compares a city against the rest of Poland and against peers of similar population size.

Best cities to live in Poland

45.2/ 100

Rank in Poland: #56
Rank among large cities: #5

settlement year	Taxpayers (1.5%)	Total 1.5% PIT	OPPs in the city	Avg. per OPP
2025	376.0 K	49.4 M PLN	75	658.1 K PLN
2024	320.7 K	40.2 M PLN	72	558.3 K PLN
2023	243.6 K	30.6 M PLN	69	443.4 K PLN
2022	301.5 K	22.0 M PLN	68	324.1 K PLN
2021	300.5 K	19.3 M PLN	67	288.0 K PLN
2020	297.8 K	18.0 M PLN	64	281.3 K PLN
2019	312.3 K	18.3 M PLN	63	290.8 K PLN
2018

Indicator	Łódź	Wrocław	Difference
Population	670,642	672,929	−2,287 −0.3%
Population density	2,201.9	2,298.1	−96.2 −4.2%
Avg. gross salary	8.6 K PLN	9.4 K PLN	−803.48 PLN −8.5%
Unemployment rate	5.5%	2.3%	+3.2% +139.1%
REGON / 10k	1,646	2,302	−656 −28.5%
Apartment price / m²	8.1 K PLN / m²	11.8 K PLN / m²	−3.6 K PLN / m² −30.8%
Green areas / capita	63.5	52.7	+10.8 +20.5%
Housing affordability	0.94	1.25	−0.31 −24.8%

City profile: Łódź

Overview of Łódź

About - Łódź

Top 3 rankings of Łódź

Strengths

Weaknesses

Demographics of Łódź

Gender split in Łódź

Dependency ratios in Łódź

Vital events in Łódź

Labour market in Łódź

Salary benchmark - Łódź

Business activity in Łódź

Registrations vs deregistrations - Łódź

Real estate in Łódź

Education in Łódź

Students by gender

Transport & infrastructure in Łódź

Environment and quality of life in Łódź

Air quality

Particulate matter

Traffic-related pollution

Łódź in numbers over time

Average gross salary in Łódź

Registered unemployment rate in Łódź

REGON entities per 10k inhabitants - Łódź

Population of Łódź

Apartment price per m² in Łódź

Łódź in rankings

Best cities to live in Poland

Best cities to do business in

Best labour market

Most affordable housing relative to earnings

Greenest cities

City investment potential

Most demographically stable cities

Best cities for families

Best cities for students and education

Wealthiest cities

Safest cities

Best cities for culture

Best cities for an active lifestyle

Most tourist-attractive cities

Best weekend cities

Best cities for after-work life

Best cities for women's careers

Best cities for women

Safest academic cities

Best cities for seniors

Most peaceful cities to live in

Most bike-friendly cities

Cities with the highest parking pressure

Most innovative cities

Public-benefit organisations (OPP) and 1.5% PIT - Łódź

Largest OPP in Łódź

1.5% PIT history - Łódź

Comparison - Łódź vs another city

Percentage difference (Łódź minus peer)

All indicators - Łódź

Companies

Petlo Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością

Elwakel Poland Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością

Ismile Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością

Foundations

Fundacja Aurora Artis

Fundacja Sophia Lucis

Sport FOR ALL

Cooperatives

Spółdzielnia Energetyczna Kujakowice

Spółdzielnia Energetyczna Górka

Browse other city profiles

Łódź in rankings

Best cities to live in Poland

Best cities to do business in

Best labour market

Most affordable housing relative to earnings

Greenest cities

City investment potential

Most demographically stable cities

Best cities for families